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The European Law on Artificial Intelligence comes into force

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Un Paso importante Hacia la Regulación de la Tecnología

On 1 August 2024, the European Union (EU) marked a milestone by putting into effect the world’s first comprehensive law on artificial intelligence (AI). This legislation, known as the Artificial Intelligence Act, seeks to establish a regulatory framework that guarantees the safe and ethical development and use of AI in Europe.

Goals of the law

The AI Act has several key objectives:

  1. Security and Fundamental Rights: Protecting the health, safety and fundamental rights of European citizens from the risks associated with AI.
  2. Transparency and Accountability: Ensure that AI systems are transparent and that developers and operators are accountable for their operation.
  3. Innovation and Competitiveness: Fostering innovation and maintaining Europe’s competitiveness in the field of AI, ensuring that new technologies are developed in line with EU values and principles.

Risk Classification

The law classifies AI systems based on their level of risk:

  • Unacceptable Risk: Systems that pose a significant threat to security and fundamental rights, such as mass surveillance without consent.
  • High Risk: Systems that may have a significant impact on health and safety, such as those used in critical infrastructure or judicial decision-making.
  • Limited and Minimal Risk: Systems with lower impact, which must comply with transparency requirements and allow human supervision.

Implementation and Fines

The implementation of the law will be gradual, with different phases until 2026 for companies to adapt to the new obligations. Fines for non-compliance can reach up to 7% of the company’s annual turnover.

The European AI Act is groundbreaking and sets a precedent worldwide. However, it also poses challenges, such as the precise categorisation of risk levels and the adaptation of companies to new regulations. Some companies, such as Meta, have decided not to offer certain AI models in Europe due to strict regulations.

European law on artificial intelligence

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